During this stage, there are not as many new skills being developed, rather old skills are being refined and manipulated to understand more complex theories.

11-12 year olds have knowledge of production processes:

Children of this age will be aware what renewable and non renewable resources of energy are and that social factors influence how they are used. They will begin to understand how natural forces work and how human involvement has caused the Earth to change over time.

11-12 year olds discover the kinds of questions asked provide the desired results:

Children of this age become aware that different types of questions suggest different types of results and that the challenge of a budding young scientist is to learn how to apply their knowledge correctly.

11-12 year olds use more and more technology in their scientific investigations:

Children learn that using technology allows for greater accuracy when studying results. Your child of this age may begin to use software to report their findings, e.g. to create a table or a graph.

11-12 year olds learn how scientific knowledge evolves and changes:

Children of this age will be fascinated by how scientific discoveries are made and how the understanding of scientific community has evolved over time. For example, children will be fascinated that the world was once considered flat.

11-12 year olds can understand and explain to others how animals and plants are interdependent within an ecosystem:

A child of this age will understand what an ecosystem is and will be able to link this knowledge to their gardens.

11-12 year olds can describe interactions and change using scientific language:

Some children may have previously expressed an understanding of flow charts however, by 11-12 years of age, children will be able to use scientific terms and words to explain processes. 

11-12 year olds understand the difference between explanation and description:

This is one of the most fundamental skills that is learnt at this age. Your child's explanations are based on observations made and then are able to analyse data collected which reflects accurate relationships between cause and effect.

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